1. Isixhobo esikhethekileyo
Ukuze kuncitshiswe utshintsho lobungakanani bendawo ekugxilwe kuyo okubangelwa kukutshintsha kobungakanani bomgca ogxininisiweyo, umenzi wenkqubo yokusika i-laser ubonelela ngezixhobo ezikhethekileyo kubasebenzisi ukuba bakhethe:
(1) I-Collimator.Le yindlela eqhelekileyo, oko kukuthi, i-collimator yongezwa ekupheleni kwemveliso ye-CO2 laser yokwandisa.Emva kokwandiswa, i-diameter ye-boam iba nkulu kwaye i-angle yokuhlukana iba yincinci, ukuze ubungakanani be-boam ngaphambi kwesiphelo esisondeleyo kunye nogxininiso olukude lusondele kufanayo phakathi koluhlu lokusika.
(2) I-axis esezantsi ezimeleyo ye-lens ehambayo yongezwa kwintloko yokusika, engamalungu amabini azimeleyo kunye ne-axis ye-Z elawula umgama phakathi kombhobho kunye nomphezulu wezinto eziphathekayo.Xa i-worktable yesixhobo somatshini ihamba okanye i-axis ye-optical ihamba, i-axis ye-F ye-axis ihamba ukusuka ekupheleni ekufutshane ukuya ekupheleni okude ngaxeshanye, ukuze ububanzi bebala buhlale bufana kwindawo yonke yokucubungula emva umqadi ugxininise.
(3) Lawula uxinzelelo lwamanzi lokugxila kwi-lens (ngokuqhelekileyo inkqubo yokugxininisa isinyithi).Ukuba ubungakanani bomqadi phambi kokuba kugxininiswe bube buncinci kwaye ububanzi bendawo ekugxilwe kuyo bube bukhulu, uxinzelelo lwamanzi lulawulwa ngokuzenzekelayo ukutshintsha igophe eligxininisiweyo ukunciphisa ububanzi bendawo ekugxilwe kuyo.
(4) Inkqubo yembuyekezo yendlela ye-optical kwindlela ye-X kunye ne-Y yongezwa kwi-flying optical cutting machine.Oko kukuthi, xa indlela ye-optical end of the distal end of cutting inyuka, imbuyekezo ye-optical path ifutshane;Ngokuchasene noko, xa umzila we-optical kufuphi nokuphela kokusika uncitshisiwe, imbuyekezo ye-optical path inyuswe ukuze kugcinwe ubude bendlela ye-optical.
2. Iteknoloji yokusika kunye nokubhoboza
Naluphi na uhlobo lweteknoloji yokusika i-thermal, ngaphandle kweemeko ezimbalwa ezinokuthi ziqale ukusuka kumda weplate, ngokuqhelekileyo umngxuma omncinci kufuneka uqhutywe kwi-plate.Ngaphambili, kumatshini we-laser stamping compound, umngxuma wabethelwa nge-punch, kwaye wanqunyulwa kumngxuma omncinci ngelaser.Ngoomatshini bokusika i-laser ngaphandle kwesixhobo sokunyathela, kukho iindlela ezimbini ezisisiseko zokugqobhoza:
(1) Ukuqhuma ukuqhuma: emva kokuba izinto zihlanjululwe nge-laser eqhubekayo, umgodi wenziwa embindini, kwaye ke into etyhidiweyo isuswe ngokukhawuleza yi-oxygen flow coaxial kunye ne-laser beam ukwenza umngxuma.Ngokuqhelekileyo, ubukhulu bomngxuma buhambelana nobukhulu beplate.Umyinge we-diameter yomngxuma oqhumayo sisiqingatha sobunzima beplate.Ke ngoko, umngxuma wokuqhushumba wedayamitha yepleyiti etyebileyo inkulu kwaye ayingqukuva.Akufanelekanga ukusetyenziswa kumacandelo aneemfuno eziphezulu (ezifana nombhobho we-oil seam seam), kodwa kuphela kwinkunkuma.Ukongezelela, ngenxa yokuba uxinzelelo lwe-oksijini olusetyenziselwa ukubhoboza lufana nolo lusetyenziselwa ukusika, i-splash inkulu.
Ukongeza, i-pulse perforation nayo ifuna inkqubo yokulawula indlela yerhasi ethembekileyo ngakumbi ukuqonda ukutshintshwa kohlobo lwegesi kunye noxinzelelo lwegesi kunye nokulawulwa kwexesha lokugqobhoza.Kwimeko ye-pulse perforation, ukuze ufumane umgangatho ophezulu wokusika, iteknoloji yokutshintsha ukusuka kwi-pulse perforation xa i-workpiece imile ukuya kwisantya esiqhubekayo sokusika i-workpiece kufuneka ihlawulwe ingqalelo.Ngokwethiyori, iimeko zokusika zecandelo lokukhawulezisa zinokutshintshwa ngokuqhelekileyo, njengobude obugxininisekileyo, indawo ye-nozzle, uxinzelelo lwegesi, njl., Kodwa ngokwenene, akunakwenzeka ukutshintsha iimeko ezingentla ngenxa yexesha elifutshane.
3. Uyilo lweNozzle kunye neteknoloji yokulawula ukuhamba komoya
Xa intsimbi yokusika i-laser, ioksijini kunye ne-laser beam egxininisiweyo idutyulwa kwizinto ezisikiweyo ngombhobho, ukuze zenze umqadi wokuhamba komoya.Imfuneko esisiseko yokuhamba komoya kukuba ukuhamba komoya kwi-incision kufuneka kube kukhulu kwaye isantya kufuneka sibe phezulu, ukwenzela ukuba i-oxidation eyaneleyo inokwenza izinto zokusikeka ziqhube ngokupheleleyo i-exothermic reaction;Ngexesha elifanayo, kukho umfutho owaneleyo wokutshiza kunye nokuvuthela izinto ezityhidiweyo.Ngoko ke, ngaphezu komgangatho webhobho kunye nolawulo lwayo oluchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo umgangatho wokusika, ukuyila kwe-nozzle kunye nokulawulwa kokuhamba komoya (njengoxinzelelo lwe-nozzle, indawo ye-workpiece ekuhambeni komoya, njl. ) nazo ziyimiba ebaluleke kakhulu.I-nozzle yokusika i-laser ithatha isakhiwo esilula, oko kukuthi, umngxuma we-conical kunye nomngxuma omncinci ojikelezayo ekupheleni.Amalingo kunye neendlela zeempazamo zidla ngokusetyenziselwa ukuyila.
Ngenxa yokuba umlomo wenziwa ngokubanzi ngobhedu olubomvu kwaye unomthamo omncinci, uyinxalenye esengozini kwaye kufuneka itshintshwe rhoqo, ngoko ke ukubalwa kwe-hydrodynamic kunye nohlalutyo alwenziwa.Xa isetyenziswa, igesi enoxinzelelo oluthile lwe-PN (i-gauge pressure PG) yaziswa ukusuka kwicala lombhobho, obizwa ngokuba yi-nozzle pressure.Ikhutshiwe kwi-nozzle ye-nozzle kwaye ifikelele kumphezulu we-workpiece ngomgama othile.Uxinzelelo lwayo lubizwa ngokuba yiPC yoxinzelelo lokusika, kwaye ekugqibeleni igesi iyanda kwi-atmospheric pressure PA.Umsebenzi wophando ubonisa ukuba ngokunyuka kwe-PN, isantya sokuhamba sinyuka kwaye iPC iyanda.
Le fomyula ilandelayo ingasetyenziselwa ukubala: v = 8.2d2 (PG + 1) V - izinga lokuhamba kwegesi L / ingqondo - umbhobho wedayamitha ye-MMPg - uxinzelelo lwe-nozzle (i-gauge pressure) bar
Kukho imida yoxinzelelo eyahlukeneyo yeegesi ezahlukeneyo.Xa uxinzelelo lwe-nozzle ludlula eli xabiso, ukuhamba kwegesi yi-oblique shock wave wave, kwaye i-gas flow velocity ihamba ukusuka kwi-subsonic ukuya kwi-supersonic.Lo mgubasi unxulumene nomlinganiselo we-PN kunye ne-PA kunye neqondo lenkululeko (n) yeemolekyuli zegesi: umzekelo, n = 5 yeoksijini nomoya, ngoko ke umgubasi wayo PN = 1bar × (1.2) 3.5 = 1.89bar. Xa Uxinzelelo lwe-nozzle luphezulu, i-PN / PA = (1 + 1 / N) 1 + n / 2 (PN; 4bar), ukuhamba komoya kuqhelekile, itywina lokutshatyalaliswa kwe-oblique liba ngumothuko olungileyo, iPC yoxinzelelo yokusika iyancipha, umoya isantya sokuhamba siyancipha, kwaye imisinga ye-eddy yenziwa kwindawo yokusebenza, eyenza buthathaka indima yokuhamba komoya ekususeni izinto ezityhidiweyo kwaye ichaphazela isantya sokusika.Ke ngoko, i-nozzle ene-conical hole kunye nomngxuma omncinci ojikelezayo ekugqibeleni yamkelwe, kwaye uxinzelelo lwe-oxygen ye-nozzle ihlala ingaphantsi kwe-3bar.
Ixesha lokuposa: Feb-26-2022
